
House of Leaves: Analysis of the Labyrinth Symbolism
I love a good horror book but 'House of Leaves' is nothing like any of this genre I've ever read. 'House of leaves' deserves the title of the most creepy novel of the year due to its unusual atmosphere and concept. It is a horror book without a concrete antagonist or a specific evil forces. Despite it, I felt extremely uncomfortable reading this book. Furthermore, 'House of leaves' is rich in various metaphors or symbols and is a case in point of the postmodern representatives of antiques.
The central role in the ‘House of leaves’ symbolism plays a labyrinth. This type of structure developed in many ancient cultures independently, proving its universality. Mark Z. Danielewski uses this strong symbol to encode the deepest meaning of ‘House of leaves’ which I will try to decode in this analysis.
What is 'House of Leaves' About?
'House of leaves' is an American novel about a titular house whose interior is larger than it may seem from the outside. This idea itself makes me shiver, not exactly from being afraid of the concept but just its uncanniness. The sense of unnaturalness is even deeper when a reader is becoming more and more immersed in the inner world of the book, whose story is surprisingly quite simple. After the famous photographer, Will Navidson, moved into the new house with his family, he became obsessively fascinated about the inadequacy with the building's dimensions.
Will and his friends discover that in the interior of the house exist a literal labyrinth, infinite and indefinite. It turns out to be a trap imprisoning people in a madness, like it does with Will, who becomes obsessed with coming back to the labyrinth again and again.
But not only does the structure exist, it also isn't permanent and logical - its structure changes all the time, tricking the characters to be trapped in the labyrinth longer and longer. The corridors may become by rotation longer and shorter or broaden and narrow itself, stairs may elongate or shorten and the roof may elevate or lower. It causes a both claustrophobic and agoraphobic feeling of a reader. In short, the titular house is itself the picture of literal madness.
The Labyrinth Symbolism
Danielewski uses in 'House of leaves' the ancient trope of a labyrinth. This kind of construction has been built or depicted by ancient cultures, such as Greek, Egyptian or Hindu ones. Surely, the most popular is the Greek Labyrinth, legendary located on the Crete island. It was made by the mythical creator and architect, Daedalus, to imprison Minotaur - the son of a Cretan queen Pasiphaë and a bull. A god of seas, Poseidon, cursed the queen to fall in love with the bull and in the result she gave birth to the monstrum.
Minos, a king of Crete and Pasiphaë's husband, captured Minotaur in the Labyrinth. The king ordered Athenian people to supply Minotaur regularly with 14 teenagers: 7 girls and 7 boys, to be eaten by the creature. Finally, a famous hero Theseus with princess Ariadna's help, managed to find Minotaur in the Labyrinth, kill the beast and lastly leave the structure alive. Danielewski consciously references the Cretan Labyrinth and even mentions it during the narrative, including a case of Minotaur.
Even More Labyrinth Symbolism
Labyrinth is a meaningful and polysemic symbol since the antique. Firstly, it may mean 'an underground world of dead, an inferno, a land of darkness', which perfectly corresponds with 'House of leaves'. The labyrinth is definitely a place of evil, despite this evil not being concrete or encarnalised. It brings the visitors madness - and it's the worst thing a person can receive. A labyrinth is also the symbol of 'the vegetative world, an intricacy of roots and branches, the forest's thicket'. It also matches the 'House of leaves', concretely - the title.
Conclusion
'House of Leaves' is the most creepy book that is creepy not because of simple horror motives, like monsters, but the sense of the unnameable danger itself.
Also the formal aspect of 'House of leaves' itself is another intriguing element of a book with the usage of different fonds and other kinds of unusual text formatting. It all makes 'House of leaves' challenging, unique and intellectual (or maybe pseudo-intellectual? I can't decide) novel that also supplies a reader with a thrill of discomposure.
Alongside with a deep symbolism, it makes 'House of Leaves' by Mark Z. Danielewski absolutely unforgettable book, in my opinion fully worth the cult that the novel is an object of.
Cover image © Pantheon



